Pathology of naturally occurring vitamin D3-deficient rickets in growing broiler chickens in Japan.     

C Itakura  M Takechi  Y Miyakawa  M Goto 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1979,41(5):517-530

  相似文献   

西藏的小麦白秆病     

徐雍皋 《植物保护学报》1979,6(2):25-33,66

小麦白秆病是在青藏高原上为害小麦的一种新病害,在受害的叶、叶鞘及茎秆上产生草黄色条斑和椭圆形至长方形斑点两种症状。经鉴定病害由壳月孢属(Selenophoma)真菌引起。病菌在15℃黑暗条件下的马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂上培养,形成粘质状菌落,生长缓慢,不形成分生孢子器,而在菌丝上芽殖分生孢子;在15℃黑光灯照射下的燕麦琼脂等培养基上培养,形成分生孢子器。分生孢子器分生孢子新月形,无色,单胞,大小为17.9-26×2.6-3.6μ;而芽殖分生孢子的大小及形态变异较大。病菌的生长温度范围为0—20℃,以15℃为最适宜。其寄主有小麦、黑麦及冰草等。种子和幼苗经接种后,均产生系统性条斑症状。根据病菌的形态和寄主范围,小麦白秆病菌即Selenophoma donacis(pass)sprague efA.G.Johnson,由于S.donacis 只产生斑点症状,而小麦白秆病菌产生特有的系统性条斑症状,且发生温度偏低,所以认为小麦白秆病菌是在青藏高原特殊的生境条件下,形成的一个Selenophoma donacis(pass)sprague et A.G.Johnson的“白秆(albo-culmo)生态型。  相似文献   

利用磷肥厂副产氟硅酸防治小麦锈病的研究     

屠予钦  魏岑 《植物保护学报》1979,6(1):57-70

作者于1966半报告了氟硅酸对小麦条锈病具有良好药效,氰硅酸是磷肥厂副产,资源丰富、成本低廉。1971年又用氟硅酸与尿素制成便于运输和贮存的晶态的氟硅脲,其分子式为[(NH_2)_2CO]_4·H_2SiF_6。十多年来经过15个省市的田间试验,肯定了氟硅酸和氟硅脲对小麦三种锈病均有效。在山东烟台地区和四川内江地区的大面积推广试用均取得良好效果。防治有效浓度按H_2SiF_6计为0.05～0.10%,药液中须加入湿润剂。除扬花期不可喷药外,其它生育期均可喷药。对小麦的增产效果显著。小麦种子中未发现氟的反常残留。经卫生部门测定,十个样本中有6个氟残留量为0.71～1.98ppm,有1个样本中为3.47ppm,系过量喷药所致。其余3个样本中未检出氟。本文讨论了使用无机氟剂的环境保护问题。根据地球化学和环境化学的最近研究成果,在本文所建议采取的使用浓度下,用氟硅酸防治小麦锈病并无引起环境污染之虞。  相似文献   

小麦对条锈病的水平抗病性研究初报   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

曾士迈  王沛有  武修英  张万义  王吉庆  宋位中  王生元 《植物保护学报》1979,6(1):1-10

将小麦品种采用随机区组的田间设计种于小种病圃中,以鉴定和测定其水平抗性。根据各个“品种——小种”组合的相对病情指数的方差分析的结果,有些品种,如农大311、西农6028和丰产3号,其品种——小种互作高度显著,被鉴定为具有垂直抗性,另外一些品种,对试验所用的小种并无专化性,并且在大田生产中已显出20多年的持久的中度抗性,初步推测为属水平抗性。在后一类中,有些品种,如平原50,表现为中等反应型,其余则属于呈典型感病的迟锈慢锈类型。在迟锈慢锈品种的病指的对数矫正值(logits)和病圃的锈病强度(以感病对照品种的病指表之)的对数矫正值之间发现了直线回归。  相似文献   

Characteristics of the ionization tracks and interactions of uranium-238 nuclei in emulsion     

Heckman HH  Karant YJ  Friedlander EM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,217(4565):1137-1138

The acceleration and extraction of uranium-238 nuclei by the Bevalac have been confirmed by their visual detection in nuclear research emulsion. A preliminary result for the collision mean free path for stopping uranium-238 (energy 相似文献   

Prospects for improving potato crop protection against aphid vectors     

Y. Robert 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(Z2):37-45

Conventional ways to control aphid vectors on potato crops rely essentially on cultural and chemical methods. The extensive use of insecticides, too often applied regardless of real needs and consequences, has resulted in more and more failures in both controlling aphids and virus spread. This paper stresses the need to introduce more rationale in the operation of existing methods by improving the efficiency of some of them like forecasting systems, to assess the potential of others like fertilization and semiochemicals and to put most efforts on resistant cultivars so that integrated pest management can be operated in the near future.  相似文献   

Influence of the sex-linked dwarfing gene (dw) on the contribution of dietary lipid to yolk lipid synthesis     

C Burghelle-Mayeur  M Tixier-Boichard  P Merat  Y Demarne 《British poultry science》1990,31(1):197-206

1. The efficiency and time course of dietary fatty acid incorporation into lipids of egg yolk and abdominal adipose tissue was compared in "White Leghorn", normal (Dw) and dwarf (dw) laying hens at 56 weeks of age, using 14C labelled linoleic acid. 2. The sex-linked dwarfing gene, dw, was shown to reduce not only body weight and abdominal fat pad deposition, but also yolk production and the average clutch size. 3. Higher peak incorporation and total recovery of the linoleic acid radioactivity into yolk lipids, but lower label recovery into adipose tissue triglycerides were found in dwarf hens. 4. The higher esterification of the dietary linoleic acid in its native form into dwarf yolk triglycerides indicates that dwarf hens use more dietary lipids to synthesise yolk lipids but these results also suggest that the dw allele might reduce the lipogenic capacities of the liver and adipose tissue in laying hens.  相似文献   

The effect of 6‐ and 8‐hour light‐dark cycles on egg production and pattern of ovipositions     

Y. Nys  P. Mongin 《British poultry science》1981,22(4):391-397

1. Two flocks of 60 laying hens were transferred from 14 h light (L): 10 h dark (D), to repeated 3L:3Dor4L:4D lighting schedules at 37 weeks of age. Egg production decreased slightly but egg weight and shell quality improved.

2. The intake of low‐calcium diet and of oyster shell were similar for each light period of each lighting regimen.

3. Ovipositions were distributed virtually at random throughout the day and the mean interval between successive eggs within a clutch was increased.

4. Reducing the total daily photoperiod from 12 to 6 h decreased daily food consumption.  相似文献   

Some factors affecting urinary and Faecal nitrogen loss by chickens fed on a protein‐free diet     

J. Okumura  Y. Isshikp  Y. Nakahiro 《British poultry science》1981,22(1):1-7

1. In adult colostomised cockerels, the rates of urinary and faecal nitrogen loss were measured when feeding low‐ and high‐energy, protein‐free diets after a preliminary period during which diets of differing energy and protein contents had been fed.

2. Urinary nitrogen excretion increased with increasing protein and decreasing energy in the preliminary diet.

3. Urinary nitrogen excretion was high during the first 3 d of feeding a high‐energy, protein‐free diet, decreased rapidly during the next 3 d and thereafter become relatively constant. However, in the case of a low‐energy, protein‐free diet, urinary nitrogen excretion gradually declined throughout the trial period of 15 d, resulting in increased urinary nitrogen excretion.

4. After a 3‐d period of adjustment faecal nitrogen loss from birds fed on a protein‐free diet was relatively constant under the conditions examined.  相似文献   

Origin and mechanism of large-scale climatic oscillations     

Sergin VY 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,209(4464):1477-1482

Numerical experiments with a simplified thermodynamic model of the glacier-ocean-atmosphere global system have been performed. Characteristic regimes of the system are auto-oscillations with periods varying between 20,000 and 80,000 years. The longer climatic waves are generated by the influence of variations of the earth's orbital parameters. Computed changes of glacial area, temperature, sea level, and other climate characteristics have values within expected ranges. The transition from a relatively warm epoch (when continental ice sheets are absent) to conditions characteristic of the Pleistocene is modeled. The calculated curves show how weak temperature fluctuations have been followed by large-scale oscillations.  相似文献